en Nephrology Nephrology Original Article Original Article <p dir="ltr"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong></span>According to high prevalence of renal stone in children, we evaluated the efficacy of treatment with potassium citrate and its correlation with metabolic disorders in children less than two years of age with renal stone and microlithiasis.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong></span>In this cross- sectionaly study, 100 patients (less than 2 years old) with renal stone or microlitiasis were evaluated for metabolic disorders. They were treated with potassium citrate and followed-up by ultrasonography every 3 months. Then response to treatment was evaluated according to the fresence metabolic disorders (A p-alue<0.05 was significant).<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Results: </em></strong></span>According to this study, hyperuricosuria and hypercalciuria were the two major metabolic disorders (40-33%). Seventy three patients had complete response, and also there as not a significant difference (p<0.05) in the efficacy of treatment due to types of metabolic disorders. There was significant difference between relative response to treatment in children who had metabolic disorders and patient without any metabolic disorders.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong></span>Based on our results the use of potassium citrate in all children less than 2 years with renal stone or microlithiasis especially those with metabolic disorders, are recommended.</span></span></p> Renal stone, Potassium polycitrate, Hypercalciuria, Hyperuricosuria, Metabolic disorders 296 300 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-574-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hadi Sorkhi hadisorkhi@yahoo.com 100319475328460010077 100319475328460010077 No Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Nazanin Saeedi-zand dr.nazanin_zand@yahoo.com 100319475328460010078 100319475328460010078 No Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mohammad Poornasrollah mohammadpoornasrollah@yahoo.com 100319475328460010079 100319475328460010079 No Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Ali Bijani alibijani@yahoo.com 100319475328460010080 100319475328460010080 No Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Hamid Shafi 100319475328460010081 100319475328460010081 Yes Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran