en Endocrinology Endocrinology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> </span>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of various interrelated risk factors that appear to have an impact as development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVDs). Epidemic of childhood and adolescent&rsquo;s obesity has increased interest in the metabolic syndrome (MS) due to the potential projection into adulthood. The prevalence of MS in adolescents has been estimated to be 6.7% in young adults and 4.2% in adolescents. We aimed to study the MetS in children and adolescents with respect to metabolic changes.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Methods</em></strong><em>:</em></span>&nbsp;The international Diabetes Federation criteria were used for the selection of cases. Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activities were measured using spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done using MyStat statistical software.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Results:</em></strong></span> Serum PON1 arylesterase (ARE) and lactonase (LACT) activities were found to be reduced significantly in patients with MetS than in controls. Regression analysis showed a significant correlation between PON1 activities and body mass index. Area under curve (AUC) found to increase from HDL to PON1 ARE to PON1 LACT.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> </span>From the present study, it is clear that in children and adolescents, reduction in PON1 activities in MetS is mainly due either to abnormalities with synthesis or secretion of HDL cholesterol or oxidative stress as a consequence of excess production of the free radicals. This study also iterates that it is the quality and not the quantity of HDL cholesterol which is important while studying the pathophysiology of MetS.</span></span><br> <p></p> Paraoxonase1, Arylesterase, Lactonase, Area under Curve, ROC curve, Regression Analysis 116 120 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-400-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Arati Adhe-Rojekar doc.aratiadhe@gmail.com 100319475328460011911 100319475328460011911 No Department of IVF, PD Hinduja National Hospital and Research Center, Mahim Mumbai, India Mukund Ramchandra Mogarekar mrmogarekar@hotmail.com 100319475328460011912 100319475328460011912 No Dept of Biochemistry SRTR Govt Medical College, Ambajogai, India Mohit Vijay Rojekar drmohi44@gmail.com 100319475328460011913 100319475328460011913 Yes Dept of Biochemistry Rajiv Gandhi Medical College, Thane, India