en Hematology Hematology Review Article Review Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background:</span></i></b> The geographic diversity of molecular genetic abnormalities in AML can help understand the genetic and environmental factors involved in the development of leukemia.&nbsp; In addition, high-risk groups can be recognized by identifying common mutations in AML patients, and appropriate treatment based on the type of mutation can be adopted. This systematic study and meta-analysis analyzed the common mutations in AML patients in Iran.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Methods</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> In this systematic study, common mutations in Iranian AML patients were comprehensively examined across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Magiran, from 1980 to 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-Analysis Version 2 (CMA2 was used for data analysis, and I&sup2;-test values greater than 50% were considered to indicate high heterogeneity among the studies.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Results</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">:</span></i> By reviewing 40 articles, it was found that the prevalence of FLT3-ITD mutation was 21.9% (CI: 19.19 - 24.1) in 34 studies (3,152 AML cases), FLT3-TKD mutation 6.6% (CI: 4.7 - 9.3) in 19 studies, NPM1 mutation 19% (CI: 15.9-22.6) in 18 studies DNMT3A mutation 13.9% (CI: 11.1 - 17.2) in 5 studies, CEBPA mutation was 18.5% (CI: 10.3 - 31) in 5 studies, and WT-1 mutation prevalence was 8.2% (CI: 5.6-11.8) in 4 studies. Other mutations investigated in the studies included NRAS, IDH1, IDH2, TET2, c-kit, ASXL1, and RUNX1.</span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusions:</span></i></b> Studies have shown that the FLT3-ITD mutation is the most prevalent mutation among Iranian AML patients. Following this, the most common mutations identified were NPM1, CEBPA, DNMT3A, and WT1, in that order.<span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL" style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span> AML, Mutation, Iran, FLT3, NPM1, DNMT3A 37 51 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3692-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Navid Khaksari m.navidkhaksari@gmail.com 100319475328460055735 100319475328460055735 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohammadreza Meghdadi meghdadimr4001@mums.ac.ir 100319475328460055736 100319475328460055736 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mehrdad Rostami m.rostami9675@gmail.com 100319475328460055737 100319475328460055737 No Departments of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Khoshnegah zkhoshnegah@gmail.com 100319475328460055738 100319475328460055738 No Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Samaneh Boroumand-Noughabi Samaneh.boroumand@gmail.com 100319475328460055739 100319475328460055739 No Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Ali Bazi m.baziali@gmail.com 100319475328460055740 100319475328460055740 No Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Hematology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Alireza Khiabani alirezakhiabani88@gmail.com 100319475328460055741 100319475328460055741 No Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Mohammad Reza Keramati KeramatiMR@mums.ac.ir 100319475328460055742 100319475328460055742 Yes Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran