en Surgery Surgery case report case report <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Background</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">: </span></i>Intracranial inflammatory pseudotumors (IIPT) are one of the differential diagnosis for the central nervous system (CNS) tumors. They represent a&nbsp;rare condition that may mimic clinically and radiologically intracranial tumors and induce their complications.&nbsp;Among their etiologies, neurosarcoidosis is one of the less known and less frequent. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of posterior fossa IIPT&nbsp;have been&nbsp;reported in the literature. We present here the 3rd&nbsp;case related to a neurosarcoidosis.<span style="font-size:9.0pt"></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Case presentation: </span></i></b>We report the case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented with an altered state of consciousness associated to severe intracranial hypertension syndrome for four months. Glasgow coma scale on admission was 14/15. Brain imaging revealed bilateral cerebellar micronodular meningeal enhancement regarding the mesencephalon and the pons, as well as a nodular lesion of the 4th ventricle causing a triventricular acute hydrocephalus. The patient had a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt with a favorable outcome. Afterwards, she underwent a salivary gland biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis.<b><i><span style="color:blue"></span></i></b></span><br> <span style="line-height:14pt"><b><i><span style="color:blue">Conclusion</span></i></b><i><span style="color:blue">: </span></i>Posterior fossa IIPT are very rare, mainly when located in the posterior fossa, leading to confusion with other pathologies. MRI has an important role in the diagnosis of these lesions, and&nbsp;the determination of their etiology. It shows other than the IIPT itself, many other signs such as leptomeningeal enhancement, nodular lesions or pituitary stalk thickening. These signs can orientate towards the diagnosis.&nbsp;Treatment may associate to symptomatic approach, corticosteroids. Surgical resection may be proposed when the diagnosis remains doubtful.<b><i><span style="color:#0033cc"></span></i></b></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Posterior Fossa, Sarcoidosis, Hydrocephalus 646 649 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2100-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ghassen Gader ghassgader@gmail.com 100319475328460037635 100319475328460037635 Yes Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia Chaden Fakhfakh chaden.fakhfakh@gmail.com 100319475328460037636 100319475328460037636 No Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia Alia Zehani alia.zehanikassar@yahoo.fr 100319475328460037637 100319475328460037637 No Department of pathology, La Rabta hospital, Tunis, Tunisia Sabeur Thamlaoui sabeur.thamlaoui@gmail.com 100319475328460037638 100319475328460037638 No Department of anesthaesiology, National Institute of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia Ihsèn Zammel ihsenzammel@gmail.com 100319475328460037639 100319475328460037639 No Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia Mouna Rkhami mounarkhami@gmail.com 100319475328460037640 100319475328460037640 No Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia Mohamed Badri badri.med@gmail.com 100319475328460037641 100319475328460037641 No Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma and Burns Center, Ben Arous, Tunisia