en pharmacology pharmacology Review Article Review Article <span style="font-family:times new roman;">Among the blistering (vesicant) chemical warfare agents (CWA), sulfur mustard is the most important since it is known as the &ldquo;King of chemical warfare agents&rdquo;. The use of sulfur mustard has caused serious damages in several organs, especially the eyes, skin, respiratory, central and peripheral nervous systems after short and long term exposure, incapacitating and even killing people and troops. In this review, chemical properties, mechanism of actions and their effects on each organ, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation of the actions triage, and treatment of injuries have been described.</span> Sulfur mustard, Mustard gas, blistering (vesicant) agents, bronchopneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 241 264 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-108-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mehrdad Rafati-Rahimzadeh m.rafrahim@yahoo.com 100319475328460018038 100319475328460018038 No Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Mehravar Rafati-Rahimzadeh m.rafrahim@gmail.com 100319475328460018039 100319475328460018039 No Department of Medical Physics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Sohrab Kazemi kazemi.msm@gmail.com 100319475328460018040 100319475328460018040 No Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Ali Akbar Moghadamnia aliamoghadamnia@gmail.com 100319475328460018041 100319475328460018041 Yes Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran