en Nephrology Nephrology Original Article Original Article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#0033ff;"><strong><em>Background: </em></strong></span>Poor sleep quality and fatigue are common complications in hemodialysis patients. Although Sama Vritti pranayama breathing exercise as a yogic breathing is prescribed to improve sleep quality, its efficacy in this group of patients is not well established. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of Sama Vritti Pranayama applied to hemodialysis patients on <span style="color:#1f1f1f">sleep disturbance </span>and fatigue.</span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><em><span style="color:#0033ff;"><b><span style="line-height:150%">Methods</span></b></span></em><span style="line-height:150%"><em><span style="color:#0033ff;">:</span></em> <span style="color:#1f1f1f">The </span>pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental<span style="color:#1f1f1f"> design was conducted in 60 hemodialysis patients. Data were collected from May to October 2023. A Sama Vritti pranayama breathing exercise was given to the experimental group (n= 30) </span>twice a day for two months<span style="color:#1f1f1f">. Control group (n=30) received only routine hospital care. Sleep disturbance and fatigue were assessed by</span> <span style="color:#1f1f1f">the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), at baseline and after 2-month intervention. </span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#0033ff;"><em><b><span style="line-height:150%">Results</span></b></em></span><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#0033ff;"><em>:</em></span><span style="color:#1f1f1f"> The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics, insomnia severity</span>(P=<span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">0.54)</span></span><span style="color:#1f1f1f"> and fatigue score </span>(P=<span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">0.74)</span></span> <span style="color:#1f1f1f">at baseline</span>. <span style="color:#1f1f1f">Following a 2-month intervention, </span>insomnia severity (P=<span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">0.02</span></span>) and fatigue score(P=<span style="background:white"><span style="color:black">0.00)</span></span> were significantly better in the experimental group compared with the control group. </span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#0033ff;"><em><b><span style="line-height:150%">Conclusion</span></b></em></span><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#0033ff;"><em>: </em></span><span style="color:#1f1f1f">A 2-month Sama Vritti pranayama breathing exercise</span> can effectively reduce insomnia severity and minimize fatigue score of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, <span style="color:#1f1f1f">this breathing exercise</span> as a feasible practice should be recommended for hemodialysis patients to manage sleep disturbance and fatigue.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Pranayama, Breathing exercise, Insomnia, Sleep disturbance, Fatigue, Hemodialysis 23 0 http://caspjim.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3651-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fariba Heydarian fariba.heydarian11@gmail.com 100319475328460056518 100319475328460056518 No Student Research Committee, Ramsar Fatemeh Zahra School of Nursing and Midwifery, Health Research Institute, Babol, Iran Sepideh Mohammadi sepidmohamadi@yahoo.com 100319475328460056519 100319475328460056519 Yes Department of Nursing, Health Research Institute, Nursing Care Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Abbas Shamsalinia abbasshamsalinia@yahoo.com 100319475328460056520 100319475328460056520 No Department of Nursing, Health Research Institute, Nursing Care Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Afsaneh Arzani arzaniaf@gmail.com 100319475328460056521 100319475328460056521 No Department of nursing, Health Research Institute, Nursing Care Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran